Calcium at 4,000 mg/L: Gel Strength Fails Before Capacity Does
Seawater at 400 mg/L calcium is not produced water at 4,200. Divalent ions crosslink the particle surface and gel strength fails before capacity does.
Brine, Seawater and 10 Percent NaCl: What a Salt-Tolerance Claim Really Covers
Open any polyacrylate datasheet and you will find a number between 300 and 500, usually described as absorption capacity in deionised water. Now put the same granule in the brine from a desalination plant outfall, at 45,000 mg/L TDS, and it will take 40 to 60 times its weight. Nothing is wrong with …
